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Natural and pharmacological regulation of telomerase

机译:端粒酶的天然和药理学调控

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摘要

The extremities of eukaryotic chromosomes are called telomeres. They have a structure unlike the bulk of the chromosome, which allows the cell DNA repair machinery to distinguish them from ‘broken’ DNA ends. But these specialised structures present a problem when it comes to replicating the DNA. Indeed, telomeric DNA progressively erodes with each round of cell division in cells that do not express telomerase, a specialised reverse transcriptase necessary to fully duplicate the telomeric DNA. Telomerase is expressed in tumour cells but not in most somatic cells and thus telomeres and telomerase may be proposed as attractive targets for the discovery of new anticancer agents.
机译:真核染色体的末端称为端粒。它们的结构不同于染色体的大部分,这使细胞DNA修复机制可以将它们与“断裂的” DNA末端区分开。但是,这些特殊的结构在复制DNA方面存在问题。实际上,在不表达端粒酶的细胞中,每轮细胞分裂都会逐渐侵蚀端粒DNA,端粒酶是完全复制端粒DNA所必需的专门逆转录酶。端粒酶在肿瘤细胞中表达,但在大多数体细胞中不表达,因此端粒和端粒酶可能被提议作为发现新抗癌剂的有吸引力的靶标。

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